SLAPO_OTP(5)

NAME
slapo-otp - OATH One-Time Password module

SYNOPSIS
moduleload otp.la

DESCRIPTION
The otp module allows time-based one-time password, AKA "authenticator-style", and HMAC-based one-time password authentication to be used in conjunction with a standard LDAP password for two-factor authentication.

With this module, users would use their password, followed with the one-time password in the password prompt to authenticate.

The password needed for a user to authenticate is calculated based on a counter (current time in case of TOTP) and a key that is referenced in the user's LDAP entry. Since the password is based on the time or number of uses, it changes periodically. Once used, it cannot be used again so keyloggers and shoulder-surfers are thwarted. A mobile phone application, such as the Google Authenticator or YubiKey (a prover), can be used to calculate the user's current one-time password, which is expressed as a (usually six-digit) number.

Alternatively, the value can be calculated by some other application with access to the user's key and delivered to the user through SMS or some other channel. When prompted to authenticate, the user merely appends the code provided by the prover at the end of their password when authenticating.

This implementation complies with RFC 4226 HOTP HMAC-Based One Time Passwords and RFC 6238 TOTP Time-based One Time Passwords and includes support for the SHA-1, SHA-256, and SHA-512 HMAC algorithms.

The HMAC key used in the OTP computation is stored in the oathOTPToken entry referenced in the user's LDAP entry and the parameters are stored in the oathOTPParams LDAP entry referenced in the token.

CONFIGURATION
Once the module is configured on the database, it will intercept LDAP simple binds for users whose LDAP entry has any of the oathOTPUser derived objectlasses attached to it. The attributes linking the user and the shared secret are:

    oathTOTPToken: <dn>
        Mandatory for oathTOTPUser, indicates that the named entry is designated to hold the time-based one-time password shared secret and the last password used.

    oathHOTPToken: <dn>
        Mandatory for oathHOTPUser, indicates that the named entry is designated to hold the one-time password shared secret and the last password used.

    oathTOTPParams: <dn>
        Mandatory for oathTOTPToken, indicates that the named entry is designated to hold the parameters to generate time-based one-time password shared secret: its length and algorithm to use as well as the length of each time step and the grace period.

    oathHOTPParams: <dn>
        Mandatory for oathHOTPToken, indicates that the named entry is designated to hold the parameters to generate one-time password shared secret: its length and algorithm to use as well as the permitted number of passwords to skip.

The following parts of the OATH-LDAP schema are implemented.

General attributes:

    oathSecret: <data>
        The shared secret is stored here as raw bytes.

    oathOTPLength: <length>
        The password length, usually 6.

    oathHMACAlgorithm: <OID>
        The OID of the hash algorithm to use as defined in RFC 8018. Supported algorithms include SHA1, SHA224, SHA256, SHA384 and SHA512.

The HOTP attributes:

    oathHOTPLookAhead: <number>
        The number of successive HOTP tokens that can be skipped.

    oathHOTPCounter: <number>
        The order of the last HOTP token successfully redeemed by the user.

The TOTP attributes:

    oathTOTPTimeStepPeriod: <seconds>
        The length of the time-step period for TOTP calculation.

    oathTOTPLastTimeStep: <number>
        The order of the last TOTP token successfully redeemed by the user.

    oathTOTPTimeStepWindow: <number>
        The number of time periods around the current time to try when checking the password provided by the user.

    oathTOTPTimeStepDrift: <number>
        If the client didn't provide the correct token but it still fit with oathTOTPTimeStepWindow above, this attribute records the current offset to provide for slow clock drift of the client device.

SEE ALSO
slapd-config(5).

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This work was developed by Ondřej Kuzník and Howard Chu of Symas Corporation for inclusion in OpenLDAP Software.

This work reuses the OATH-LDAP schema developed by Michael Ströder.